Scurvy—Deficiency disease

Scurvy-Deficiency disease

            Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). It can lead to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, swollen and bleeding gums, joint pain, and ultimately, if left untreated, death. Historically, it was common among sailors on long voyages without access to fresh fruits and vegetables. 

Here's a detailed breakdown of the symptoms of scurvy:                
  

1.  Fatigue and Weakness: Scurvy can cause extreme tiredness and weakness, making even simple tasks exhausting.

2. Swollen and Bleeding Gums: One of the hallmark symptoms of scurvy is gum disease, characterized by swollen, inflamed gums that bleed easily, especially during brushing or eating.

3. Joint Pain: Scurvy can lead to pain and tenderness in the joints, making movement uncomfortable.

4. Easy Bruising: Due to weakened blood vessels, individuals with scurvy may bruise easily, with bruises appearing even from minor bumps or injuries.

5. Dry and Splitting Hair: Hair may become dry, brittle, and prone to splitting due to the lack of vitamin C, leading to hair loss in severe cases.

6. Impaired Wound Healing: Wounds may take longer to heal and are more prone to infection due to reduced collagen production, which is necessary for tissue repair.

7. Anemia: Scurvy can lead to anemia, characterized by fatigue, weakness, and pale skin, due to decreased absorption of iron, which requires vitamin C for proper utilization.

8. Jaundice: In advanced stages, scurvy can cause jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes, due to liver dysfunction.

9. Shortness of Breath: Severe scurvy may result in shortness of breath and chest pain due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

10. Death: If left untreated, scurvy can ultimately result in death, usually due to complications such as infections or organ failure.

These symptoms typically develop gradually over several months of vitamin C deficiency.